Numerous naval officers were named to government positions and one, Carlos Froedden, served as Minister of the Interior. This passivity ended when Ibáñez became president in 1927. And, although in 1925 it had considered actively intervening in politics, the fleet generally remained aloof from the turmoil of the Alessandri period. True, the navy had participated in the 1891 rebellion against Balmaceda, but it had subsequently abstained from the politiquería of the parliamentary regime. Historically, Chile’s fleet had seemed the most politically reticent of the armed forces. The return to civilian government did not restore order for in September 1931 the Chilean navy mutinied while on maneuvers off Coquimbo. Unrest engulfed the nation and resulted in unseating General Carlos Ibáñez in July 1931. Deprived of revenue when world demand for nitrates evaporated, the country quickly exhausted its financial resources. Chile, which normally avoided political upheavals, did not escape the general malaise.
Some nations rejected liberal democracy in favor of more exotic ideologies others simply changed caudillos. Numerous administrations, unable to surmount the economic crisis, were overturned. The Great Depression of 1929 challenged the ability of Latin America’s governments to rule.
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